The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms were announced in:

🧠 Explanation:

The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, announced in 1919, introduced limited self-governance in British India through the Government of India Act. Named after Edwin Montague and Lord Chelmsford, they established dyarchy, dividing provincial governance into reserved and transferred subjects. Aimed at appeasing Indian demands for autonomy, the reforms expanded legislative councils and Indian participation. However, they fell short of full self-rule, fueling nationalist movements. The reforms marked a step toward constitutional evolution, influencing India’s independence struggle and shaping political discourse, with their legacy seen in subsequent reforms leading to independence in 1947.