The fate of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (former NWFP) at the time of independence was decided by:

🧠 Explanation:

The fate of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (former NWFP) at Pakistan’s independence in 1947 was decided by a referendum. Held in July 1947, it offered voters a choice between joining Pakistan or India. The majority chose Pakistan, reflecting the region’s Muslim-majority population and political sentiments. The referendum shaped the province’s integration into Pakistan, influencing its cultural and political identity. Studied in history and politics, it highlights the role of public choice in post-colonial state formation, with lasting impacts on Pakistan’s federal structure and regional dynamics during the partition era.