Mesopotamia is the old name of:

🧠 Explanation:

Mesopotamia, the ancient name for modern-day Iraq, is known as the “cradle of civilization.” Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, it hosted early societies like Sumer and Babylon, developing writing, agriculture, and urban centers. Its fertile lands supported advancements in mathematics, law, and astronomy, shaping human history. Mesopotamia’s legacy influences modern Iraq’s cultural identity, studied in archaeology and history for its contributions to civilization. The region’s historical significance underscores the importance of river valleys in fostering early societies, with its innovations continuing to impact global culture and knowledge systems.