A. Newton
B. Galileo
C. Faraday
D. Archimedes
🧠 Explanation:
Sir Isaac Newton defined the laws of gravitation in the late 17th century, published in his work “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy” (1687). His universal law of gravitation states that objects attract each other with a force proportional to their mass and inversely proportional to distance squared. This discovery revolutionized physics, explaining planetary motion and everyday phenomena like falling objects. Newton’s work laid the foundation for classical mechanics, influencing science and engineering. His laws remain fundamental in understanding gravitational forces, impacting fields from astronomy to space exploration.